Blood Pressure and Glaucoma

Dr. Rakesh Shori, Dr. (Mrs.) Chhaya Shori

Govt. Medical College, Jagdalpur (CG)

*Corresponding Author E-mail: drrakesh.shori@gmail.com, drchhaya.shori@gmail.com

Abstract:

Objective:

To know the association between blood pressure and Glaucoma.

Material and Methods:

The study was carried out in a tertiary health care hospital, 46 patient of both sexes and nearly all age group were taken as sample.

Statistical Analysis:

The data collected from the sampled patients, stratified tabulated, analysed and inferences were drawn and simple statistical procedure like proportion etc. were applied as per requirement.

Observation and Discussion:

34.8 percent patient had systolic blood pressure 110-129mm of Hg while 50.00% of sampled patient had diastolic pressure 80-94 mm of Hg while 23.9 percent patient presented with 140-149 mm of Hg systolic blood pressure, and 19.6 percent patients 130-139 mmHg of systolic blood pressure.

As for as diastolic BP was concerned 30.4 percent and 19.6 percent patient having diastolic BP 70-79 and 95- 109mm of Hg respectively.

Conclusion and Recommendation:

The findings of the present study was more or less similar to the findings of few other studies conducted by different authors from time to time. Authors still feel that more and more such studies with bigger size of sample must be done to a clear and real picture could come and action should be taken accordingly.

KEY WORDS: Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure.

Introduction:

Glaucoma is a major cause of preventable blindness, with an estimated 66.8 million suffered worldwide. Glaucoma is estimated to affect 12 million Indians and causes 12.8 percent of the blindness with the country.

Population based studies that did not use modern definition or modern examination techniques reported a prevalence of Glaucoma between 2 and 13 percentage looking into gravity of the situation of Glaucoma in the country. The author have undertaken this study to know the relation between blood pressure and Glaucoma.

Material and Methods:

The present study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology, S.S. Medical College and associated hospital Rewa (M.P.). A total of 46 patients were taken as sample attending ophthalmic O.P.D. A detailed history was taken from the patient or his/her attendants.

A thorough examination of both the eyes was done under good illumination with modern available techniques.

Slit Lamp Examination: was done in all cases. Ophthalmoscopy was done of both the eyes to exclude any hypertensive changes of Retina.

· Tension was recorded with tonometers.

· Blood pressure (Both systolic and diastolic) was recorded with sphygmomanometer of each patient.

Observation and Discussion:

The data thus collected from forty six patients were tabulated and analyzed and noted that 34.8 percentage of patients were recoded to 110-129 mm of Hg of systolic BP while 50.0 percent patient were recoded to 80-84 mm Hg of diastolic BP.

It is further noted that 30.4 percent (70-79mmHg) and 19.6 percent (95-109mm Hg) patient belongs to diastolic BP.

As for as systolic BP was concerned (Table- I) shows that 19.6, 23.9 06.5, 06.5 percent patient belongs to 130-139, 140-149, 150-159 and 160 + systolic BP groups respectively.

It was also noticed that 08.7 percent of patient belongs under 110mmHg of systolic BP group.

Laske et al [4] stated that chronic ischemia of optic nerve head is a major determinant of Glaucomatous processes. Local perfusion pressure depends both IOP and systemic BP level. So that either a high IOP or Low BP can be result in impaired perfusion.

Thus for low BP has been considered a risk factor and high BP have protective effect.

Sommer et al [5] stated that there are two perfusion pressure

1. Systolic BP- IOP and

2. Diastolic BP – IOP

Lower diastolic perfusion pressure strongly associated with high prevalence of POAG.

Tielsch et al [6] noted that perfusion pressure was significantly associated with the risk of POAG. The prevalence of POAG remain constant across a wide range of perfusion pressure. If perfusion pressure below 50mm hg, the prevalence rises dramatically.

The findings of the present study are more or less in accordance with the studies conducted by various authors from time to time across the world.

From above observation and discussion the authors reached to the conclusion that there is definite association between blood pressure and POAG.

Table – I-Systolic Blood Pressure and POAG

Systolic BP in mm of Hg	No. of Cases	Percentage
<110	04	08.7
110- 129	16	34.8
130- 139	09	19.6
140- 149	11	23.9
150- 159	03	06.5
160+	03	06.5
Total	46	100.00

Table – II-Diastolic Blood Pressure and POAG

Diastolic BP in mm of Hg	No. of Cases	Percentage
<60	00	00.00
60- 69	00	00.00
70- 79	14	30.4
80- 94	23	50.0
95 – 109	09	19.6
Total	46	100.00

Reference:

1. Park JE Central Health Education Burean (1968) .

2. Park JE Textbook of PSM (1^st edition) PP 446- 448 .

3. WHO (1957) Tech. Rep Ser. No. 117.

4. Leske Cristina M et al (1981) estimating incidence from age specific prevalence in glaucoma Am. J. Epidemic 113; 606-13.

5. Sommer Alfred (1996) Doney fecture Glaucomay – fact and fancies Baltimore eye surgery : 10 : 259-301.

6. Tielsch J.M., Katx John et al (1995) Hypertension perfusion pressure and POAG, Arch Ophthalmology 113, 216-221.

Received on 08.06.2015 Modified on 12.06.2015

Res. J. Pharmacology & P’dynamics. 7(2): April- June 2015; Page 89-90

DOI: 10.5958/2321-5836.2015.00018.X